Seeking External Funding:

A Manual for Faculty at
The College of William and Mary

This manual provides an overview of the Office of Grants and Research, and the Office of Corporate and Foundation Relations at the College of William & Mary. Its purpose is to outline the services provided by these two offices in assisting faculty to obtain external funding, and to provide faculty with information about corporate, foundation and other giving programs.

October 1995; revised April 10, 2007


Table of Contents

I. External Funding at the College of William & Mary II. Grants and Research Funding III. Corporate and Foundation Funding IV. Appendices

I. External Funding at The College of William and Mary

Introduction

The College of William and Mary has two offices that seek external funds for University projects: Grants and Research Administration, and University Development. Faculty should seek help from the Office of Grants and Research with their individual research and teaching projects, especially if seeking funding from federal sources. In cases where faculty wish to pursue more broad-based institutional projects, they may also contact the Office of University Development, Corporate and Foundation Relations.

The following examples of awards received in the last several years illustrate the types of projects for which each Office is responsible.

Grants & Research Administration

University Development


What does the Office of Grants and Research Administration do?

The Office of Grants and Research Administration (often referred to as "The Grants Office") reports to the Vice Provost for Research, Dennis Manos. Established in 1977, the Grants Office was created to administer awarded grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements. From that time its services have expanded to include assisting faculty locate funding sources through workshops and newsletters, maintaining a library of most federal guidelines and applications, and reviewing and clearing all aspects of proposals before submission.

The Grants Office is the first point of contact for faculty research projects whether the prospective funding sources are federal, state, local, or private organizations. The main telephone number for the Grants Office is 221-4563. A listing of the Grants Office staff with telephone numbers and email addresses is given in Appendix I. The Office is located at 314 Jamestown Road.

When faculty seek funds from private foundations and corporations, the Grants Office collaborates with the Office of University Development to ensure proper coordination with other university projects.
 

What does the Office of University Development do?

Established in 1972, the Office of University Development is under the direction of the Vice President for University Development, Sean Pieri. University Development staff obtain gifts from private sources, including individuals, corporations, and foundations to support broad-based University programs. While a major emphasis is on establishing endowed funds for such permanent purposes as chairs, professorships, fellowships and scholarships, University Development also solicits and receives funds for buildings, programs, conferences, symposia, visiting faculty, and art and library collections. Additionally, University Development handles gifts-in-kind, such as computer equipment, real estate, stocks and bonds, and a myriad of other gifts.

University Development staff also raise gifts from alumni through such efforts as the Annual Fund, a yearly solicitation of the University's 50,000 graduates (solicitation takes place on a fiscal year basis from July 1 to June 30). In 1995, the Annual Fund raised $2.09 million in restricted gifts and $1.75 million in unrestricted gifts for a total of $3.84 million. These funds support the most pressing general operating needs of the College. Endowments, on the other hand, are pooled into the University's permanent endowment fund which has a current market value of more than $132,000,000 up from $50,000,000 in 1987.

Before contacting the Office of University Development, faculty members must first check with their Department Chair and Dean who will determine the priority the project has within the university. Development staff and resources will be allocated accordingly. If the project is designated as a priority, faculty members will be invited to contact the Office of University Development at 221-1001. A listing of the development staff with telephone numbers and email addresses is contained in Appendix II.

However, where faculty members are planning to pursue funding that does not support their own individual research, the Development Office is available to assist in 1)identification of funding sources, and 2)review of the proposal. In such cases faculty will need to provide the Development Office with a brief project description or case statement.

The Executive Office for University Development, located in the Corner House at 402 Jamestown Road, coordinates the College's development activities. Development staff work out of the Corner House, Galt Houses/Dillard Complex, and Old Dominion Hall. Additionally, constituency development officers are housed in the Athletic Department, the Business School, the Law School, and the School of Marine Science.


Who establishes priorities for fundraising at the College?

The Office of Grants and Research is available to all faculty. The Office of University Development, however, MUST follow the academic priorities set by the President, Provost, and Deans. University Development does not establish priorities for obtaining funds. For example, the College of William and Mary Campaign for the Fourth Century was derived, for the most part, from academic priorities identified by departments and reviewed by the Provost and President. All faculty initiatives and proposals of a broad institutional nature must first be approved by the appropriate Department Chair and Dean before the proposal is submitted to the Development Office.


What if more than one person at the College of William and Mary seeks support from the same funder?

Sometimes this is a real problem, sometimes this is all right. Several faculty may submit applications to the same federal source, generally, without concern. There are, however, some programs such as the National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Stipend Program that allow a restricted number of applications from an institution. When this occurs, the Grants Office will assist in coordinating a process to determine which proposals will be submitted.

Corporate and Foundation Relations staff coordinate corporate and foundation requests partly in order to prevent confusion on behalf of the donor. Some donors will consider only one proposal per institution per year and reject others automatically. Some, such as the W. M. Keck Foundation, will recognize only officially established contacts at the University and return proposals from anyone else.

Large requests often require months of work by many faculty members. If another faculty member submits a different proposal to a prospect for whom a major request is being prepared, the prospect may fund the smaller one simply because it came in first, thus hurting the larger proposal's chances of success. With better coordination, both may have succeeded. Coordination of proposal submissions is extremely important to institutional success in the grant seeking process. The Office of C&F Relations coordinates and provides clearance for approach on all corporate and foundation proposals. If you would like to approach a private corporation or foundation, please contact the Office of C&F Relations.

Multiple interests. Many corporations and foundations have multiple areas of interest and a given development officer's or faculty member's proposal may not be in competition with other William and Mary proposals if they are in different disciplines. The C&F Relations staff can inform you when multiple proposals may be submitted.

The size of requests plays a role in multiple request scenarios as well. For example, the C&F Relations office may negotiate a major endowment with a company's top officers and at the same time a student organization may negotiate a one-time sponsorship with that company's marketing department. The requests are separated by size and level in the company, may not conflict with each other, and are likely to originate from different budgets within the corporation.
 

II. Grants and Research Funding

You may have a great idea for a research project and want to know about possible funding sources. You may have heard about a grant program through the William and Mary Digest, from a colleague, or on the Internet, and want more information. Maybe you already have an application and program guidelines but need help developing a budget and packaging the proposal. Whatever the situation, you will want to talk to someone in the Grants Office.

At William & Mary, approximately one-third of all faculty have applied for external funding. Of the proposals submitted, about one-third have received funding. Most applications are submitted to federal agencies; approximately seventy-five percent of the funds administered by the Grants Office come from the federal government. Grants staff are here to help you join those who have submitted applications and have received funding.


Who's who in Grants and Research and what do they do?

The Grants Office is divided into two areas, Pre-award and Post-award, that provide different services to faculty and administrators.

Pre-award Services. Pre-award staff perform the following duties:

Post-award Services. Post-award staff perform the following duties:


How do I locate external funding sources?

Once you have clarified your funding needs, it is time to start looking for organizations that will provide support. Most funding is found in the federal agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), U.S. Department of Education (ED), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Some funding is also available from state and private sources such as the Virginia Foundation for Humanities and the Jeffress Memorial Trust.

Many federal programs will have nearly a year's lead time from submission to funding -- with private sources the time is generally less -- and most federal and private programs have only one yearly deadline. Thus it is imperative to start your funding search as soon as possible in order to have the funds ready when you need them.

Search services:  If you would like the Grants Office to perform a search to match your research with funding sources, you should provide a brief, one-page description of your project. Include key words that you think will help us when searching; a basic budget in which you estimate costs for personnel, travel, supplies, equipment, and other necessary items; and other information such as your name, age, years since you received your Ph.D., and whether you would be interested in residential opportunities at other sites. Within two weeks you will receive information from the Grants Office about sources that may fund your work.

Electronic resources: You may also use the COS database where you can search for possible funding sources by discipline, deadline date, key words, or sponsor. Please contact the Grants Office if you need assistance accessing or using COS.

The Grants Office webpage includes links to numerous federal and non-federal funding sources. Funding announcements with broad appeal are distributed via email.

Printed resources: The Grants Office also distributes the monthly "Grant Advisor" via a hard-copy to each department and the WMDigest.
 

How do I contact potential funding sources?

Now that you have identified potential funding sources, it is time to contact the organizations and request applications and guidelines. We will assist you in gathering the applications and information you need to apply. How you approach an organization and what information you receive will depend primarily on whether the organization is a federal agency, a foundation, or a corporation.

For federal agencies obtaining applications usually involves contacting the appropriate office. We can help you locate that information, if necessary. Once contacted, the agency will then mail you the application and guidelines. In some cases, program descriptions and applications are available on the Internet and can be downloaded to your own computer.

Foundations and corporations generally suggest that a letter of inquiry be sent that informs them of what you propose to do, why it is important, how you will do it, and how much it will cost.  At this time you should also request that an application and guidelines be sent to you.  However, if you know the sponsor's phone number you may call and ask to speak to a program officer or someone who can tell you if the sponsor is likely to fund a project such as yours.  (See Appendix IV, "Questions and Talking Points," for assistance when approaching a foundation or corporation.)  If you are unable to speak with someone about your project, simply request that an application and guidelines be sent to you.

If you would like the assistance of the Office of University Development when developing a proposal to a foundation or corporation, first consult with your Department Chair and Dean. They will determine the priority level of your project. If your project is to receive priority ranking, you may then contact University Development for assistance; otherwise, you will be working exclusively with the Grants Office.
 

How do I develop a proposal?

Once you have identified funding sources for your research, either on your own or in conjunction with the Grants Office, and have received funding guidelines and applications from sponsors, it is time to start developing a proposal.

Common elements of most proposals

1. COVER PAGE - provides basic information such as title, name of the principal investigator, name of the institution, amount requested, and project period.

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS

3. ABSTRACT/SUMMARY - summarizes the request clearly and concisely; ideally it is less than a page. Write the abstract after you have completed the proposal and have a clearer idea of what is to be distilled and summarized. Take time to ensure that the abstract is one of the strongest parts of your proposal. Some reviewers acknowledge, "This is the only part I read."

4. TEXT - documents the needs to be met or problems to be solved by the proposed funding and usually begins with a Project Statement or Needs Assessment. Three key elements should be readily identifiable in the text: objectives, methods, and evaluation. Objectives establish the benefits of the funding in measurable terms. Methods describe the activities to be employed to achieve the desired results. Evaluation present a plan for determining the degree to which objectives are met and methods are followed.

5. REFERENCES/LITERATURE CITED/BIBLIOGRAPHY - list the background on what has already been done in your field on this particular research or type of project.

6. CURRICULUM VITAE/RESUME - lists only academic specifics (not personal) and ends with any publications on the subject you are proposing. It should not be more than 2 pages long.

7. BUDGET - provides cost estimates for the project. Most of the salary requirements requested by a project director in the average proposal are for summer funding. Exceptions are made to provide for release time during the academic year or for a full-time salary for a new position. Most proposals will have at least a one-year project period even if the project only takes a few months. For multi-year projects, federal agencies encourage multi-year budgets. Some proposals may require cost-sharing, which generally includes items such as donated faculty or student time. For cost-sharing that involves an actual cash match, additional approval from a department chair, dean, or other administrator is required. All budgets must also include full indirect costs unless specifically restricted by the sponsor.

8. BUDGET EXPLANATION/JUSTIFICATION - be brief. Explain any "blanket" expenditures or large amounts.

9. APPENDICES - includes, if allowed, any information that clarifies or strengthens your case. Examples of material found in appendices are letters of endorsement or commitment, brochures, and newspaper articles on you or your project.
 

Proposals to federal versus private sponsors

Proposals to both federal and private sponsors will generally be submitted by someone affiliated with a college, university, or business which then will establish an account for that individual, if the grant or contract is awarded.

Federal agencies will have their own instructions, requirements, and forms, which in some ways makes the process easier because you will know exactly what they want. Proposals to federal agencies will be sent for peer review.

Private sponsors such as foundations and corporations generally do not provide application forms.  All instructions are usually contained within their application guidelines.  Private sponsors will not send your proposal for peer review. They will need to be convinced by you alone why they should fund what you are doing. If they are interested, you will either be funded outright or you will be asked to submit a more information.


Proposal writing tips

When putting together a proposal, many writers find it useful to refer to other proposals that have been successfully funded. The Grants Office has a collection of proposals that you may study. Additionally, the Grants Office has articles and books which offer insights and suggestions to help you create a successful proposal. You should also ask a colleague or two to read your proposal and offer their suggestions before it is submitted. Because of their distance from your project, they may see areas that need clarification better than you do.

Please telephone or email us before you visit the Grants Office library so we can have the materials you need ready when you arrive.
 

After submission ...

After you submit an application, plan on waiting three to twelve months for a response, depending on the sponsor. If the Grants Office is advised of the status of your proposal before you are, we will contact you immediately upon notification. If your proposal is funded, CONGRATULATIONS! Your hard work and determination paid off. If not, find out why it was rejected this time and then resubmit it as soon as possible. A re-worked proposal which was initially rejected stands a much higher chance of becoming funded -- NSF has said by as much as eighty percent. And, of course, the Grants Office is here to help you prepare for resubmission.

III. Corporate and Foundation Funding


What does the Office of Corporate & Foundation Relations do?

The Office of Corporate and Foundation Relations (C&F Relations), an office within University Development, is responsible for the planning, organization and implementation of a program to build financial support for the College from local, regional, and national corporations and foundations. The C&F Relations office raises support to meet pressing program needs, capital projects, and College initiatives. Also, C&F Relations encourages and identifies opportunities for gifts-in-kind. To cultivate favorable relationships with funding organizations and information-gathering purposes, C&F Relations staff also arrange meetings with individuals, such as alumni, parents, or friends of the College, whose support of a project can garner attention and respect from a specific corporation or foundation.
 

What projects does the C&F Relations Office coordinate?

In order to fall within the realm of our services, a project must:

1. Have institutional priority as defined by the President and Provost.

2. Have the potential to obtain funding from corporations or foundations.

3. Focus on philanthropic support and not on contracts for service or sponsored research.

4. Encompass a program or project orientation, which generally involves more than one person's specific research interests.

5. Have approval of the appropriate Dean or academic leadership as a priority for funding within a given academic area.

Preference is given to institutional priorities that are most likely to produce significant income.

However, where faculty members are planning to pursue funding that does not support either their own individual research or broad-based institutional projects, the Development Office is available to assist in 1)identification of funding sources, and 2)review of the proposal. In such cases faculty will need to provide the Development Office with a brief project description or case statement.
 

Why do corporations give?

Following are the 5 primary reasons for corporate philanthropy:

1. Enlightened self-interest
2. Research
3. Social and community concerns
4. Publicity
5. Recognition
 

How does the C&F Relations Office obtain funding?

C&F Relations staff members and constituent development officers initiate and maintain contacts with corporate and foundation leadership throughout the country and actively seek major gifts for University priorities. The Office provides three major services for Deans, program directors, faculty members, and administrators:
 
  1. Guidance in selecting and approaching corporations and foundations for funding: It is important to select appropriate prospects based on their giving priorities. Generally, corporations and foundations have specific agenda for charitable giving, and many have published giving guidelines and annual reports of philanthropic activity. Some donate only in their local community, for example the Portsmouth Community Foundation, or in communities where they operate plants or subsidiaries. Some do not give to endowments, others like to give seed money for projects. The restrictions are many and are often highly specific. For example, a foundation with an interest in promoting community development may want to focus on policy but not on direct service. The best information comes from insiders and personal contacts in companies or foundations, who can help interpret funding policies and priorities. C&F Relations staff can help identify these contacts.
  2. Assistance in developing proposals and related materials: Proposals are based on drafts from faculty and are "customized" by development officers to respond to the priorities of prospective funders. Faculty are often skilled in writing proposals but may not be familiar with a company or foundation's current giving policies, priorities or preferred program style. Frequently, proposals go through a negotiation process with corporate contacts or foundation program officers reviewing drafts and offering suggestions for rewrites to C&F Relations development staff. C&F Relations staff offer expertise in editing proposals and providing useful feedback before a proposal is submitted. In addition, the office can provide some "boiler plate" proposal components on William and Mary (see Appendix III) and, when appropriate, letters of support from the President or Provost.
  3. Maintenance of a tracking system to coordinate requests throughout the University: The tracking system is a computerized listing of submitted, pending, or funded requests to corporations and foundations. Updated regularly, this listing is a valuable tool for planning and coordinating requests. This list will soon be available on WAMI so faculty are aware of what is pending at any given time.

  4.  

What roles do development officers and faculty assume in the fundraising process?

Roles will vary with the project and with the faculty member's relative experience in seeking external funding. Further, faculty will do more independent work on the proposal if the project is their own, as opposed to a project that has been designated a College priority by the Department Chair, the Dean, the Provost, or the President.

Development Officers will coordinate the following activities with faculty members:

The extent of involvement by the Corporate and Foundation Relations staff will vary depending on the type and scope of the project.
 

Why Coordinate Requests to Corporations and Foundations?

Faculty must check with their Department Chair, Dean and the Office of University Development before approaching a corporation or foundation. Some prospects consider only one request from an institution in a given funding cycle, annually, quarterly, or otherwise. Therefore, central coordination of proposals is essential to effective timing of requests.

Coordinating requests prevents confusion for prospective funders. In the past, foundation officers, after receiving multiple requests, have called C&F Relations staff seeking clarification on the University's priorities. Coordinating the timing, negotiations and emphasis of proposals will ensure an efficient flow of proposals, maintain productive relations with prospects, and ultimately, secure maximum funding.

The C&F Relations staff will be glad to let you know what has recently been submitted, what currently is being considered, and what plans exist to submit a proposal. In some cases, where foundations are decentralized, multiple proposals may be submitted. In the event that more than one proposal is being considered by a foundation or corporation with a centralized submission process, the C&F Relations office will contact the Provost or the appropriate Dean to ask which proposal reflects the University's top priority.
 

Where can I find information about corporations and foundations?

When faculty need information about prospects, they may request a funding search from the C&F Relations Office. Based on the project's institutional priority, development researchers will then be assigned to conduct a funding search.

Requests for research can generally be accommodated within three weeks. When a particular prospect is identified, C&F Relations staff can provide information about recent contacts with the prospect and its philanthropic priorities.
 

How can I get corporate or foundation funding?

The following sections explain more specifically the steps in working with the Office of Corporate & Foundation Relations.

To initiate a request, faculty members first need to get the approval of their Department Chair and Dean. Once the request has been prioritized, the faculty member will be directed to the Office of University Development or, in the case of Business, Law or SMS/VIMS, to their constituent development officer who will coordinate with C&F Relations staff. (See Appendix II for the list of development staff, email addresses and telephone numbers.)

The second step is to gather information about corporations and foundations in order to identify prospective funders. The Office of Development Research will generate a list of corporate and foundation funding prospects based on the project summary. Faculty input can be vital at this stage especially if the department already has established contacts with prospects. Professional journals may be useful in identifying prospects.

Third, faculty members and C&F Relations staff will work with the appropriate contacts at the prospective corporation or foundation to assess the chances for success of a proposal. Once a funder is identified, development staff will work with faculty to create and submit a well-timed proposal tailored to each specific prospect, and ensure follow-up with prospects to maximize the chances of success.
 

What is a good match of interests?

Funding requests have to match the donor's interests to be successful. Donor agendas are often highly specific. Projects must meet the donor's specifications to be funded. Sending a corporation or foundation a proposal that is not consistent with their priorities, will not reflect well on the College or result in funding.

Sometimes faculty can redirect projects, (for example, broaden the scope of the project), to create a good match of interests. One way this can be accomplished is by developing interdisciplinary projects or by entering into consortial arrangements with other universities or social agencies. Providing support for interdisciplinary projects and consortia increasingly is appealing to corporations and foundations.

Private foundations also will send out Requests for Proposals (RFPs) that are received by the C&F Relations Office. When this occurs, C&F Relations staff will direct faculty attention to such opportunities and provide help in responding appropriately.
 

How do I develop a proposal?

A good proposal is short! With the exception of a few foundations, proposals for philanthropic support are not peer-reviewed and do not need lengthy technical sections. Most people reviewing your proposal will not have your level of expertise. Corporate and foundation giving officers may receive hundreds of proposals each month, so the longer your proposal, the less likely it is that it will be reviewed. Many corporations and foundations specify a page limit for proposals or letters of inquiry. Pay close attention to these instructions; your proposal will only be considered if you follow them. Proposals from the C&F Relations Office are typically five to seven pages long, not including attachments. Letters of inquiry are generally no longer than three pages.

A case statement forms the core of a proposal and serves as the basis of a funding search. It is a statement that outlines the best arguments in favor of a project. The case statement is usually used for internal planning, but is sometimes included as part of the initial request to a funder. It has three parts: need, justification, and benefits.

The case statement can help explain society's need for a project, not just the department's need for funds. It provides persuasive arguments justifying why the donor should support the project at the College of William and Mary rather than at another institution. Lastly, it states the expected outcomes and benefits of the program or project.

Proposals should have a clear emphasis on (1) what you want, (2) why you require support, and (3) what impact your program will have, if funded. Because most corporate and foundation program officers are not specialists in your field, plain English is preferred over technical jargon. Attachments should be included only as needed; extensive resumes or curriculum vitae usually are not necessary, though short biographical summaries are often appropriate.

Proposals should be easy to disassemble and duplicate. Avoid bindings that are difficult to remove. Fancy, high-gloss or color-printed proposals tend to send a mixed message to funders. (If you can afford to create expensive documents, do you really need extra money?) With the exception of stand-alone attachments, keep the body of the proposal simple. The proposal should be printed with black ink on white paper.

Generally, the items to be covered in a proposal are stated in a corporation or foundation's guidelines.

Common Elements of Most Corporation and Foundation Proposals

1. COVER SHEET - names the contact person at William and Mary and provides the address and telephone number.

2. PROJECT OR PROGRAM SUMMARY - answers who, what, where, when, why and how much? It introduces the reader to the purpose of the proposal. The first paragraph of a proposal or letter of inquiry should state the amount needed from the funding source.

3. STATEMENT OF NEED/PROBLEM - describes what the proposed program intends to accomplish. How unique is this program? Is it replicable? Will it serve as a model for other schools?

4. SOLUTION - gives a brief overview of the proposed program and explains how the donor's money will be used.

5. COLLEGE'S QUALIFICATIONS - discusses special strengths relevant to the problem and its solution and answers why the funder should support William and Mary over other institutions. Special "boiler plate" material describing the College may be included here or put separately in an Appendix. (See Appendix III for an example of "boiler plate" information)

6. METHODS - details specifics of the program such as who will do what? What will they do? How long will it take?

7. EVALUATION METHODS - answers the questions how did we do? Did we accomplish what we intended to? How do we know if the program was a success?

8. FUTURE FUNDING PLANS - addresses the long-term funding plans for the project/program.

9. BUDGET AND NARRATIVE - outlines and explains planned expenditures.

10. APPENDICES - provide additional information as required or needed; 501(c)(3) letter of tax exempt status, most recent audited financial report, annual report, Board of Visitors list, and Endowment Association Trustees list.

In addition, foundations often require completion of their standard application form or a cover letter from the President or Provost. C&F Relations staff can assist you in pulling together this information.

Above all, proposals must meet the prospect's deadline. Proposal writers need to build time for review into the preparation schedule, well ahead of the deadline.
 

What do foundations look for in a request?

Foundation philanthropy is based on interpretations of the wishes of the founder. Program officers have greater or lesser degrees of autonomy in this regard; the extent of their authority depends on their relationship with the Board of Trustees. Ultimately, directors and trustees have the final say. Decisions can be highly personal, especially in a family foundation.

Foundations have specific agenda. Foundations are established for the explicit purpose of making grants to nonprofit organizations. They know exactly what causes they want to support. Reading foundation guidelines and contacting them to obtain specifics on current funding priorities are vital steps to follow prior to submitting a proposal.

Currently, many foundations' priorities include effecting social change. Emerging trends in philanthropic giving include providing grant support at the K-12 level and gifts for community development.

Nothing is constant but change. The budgets of many companies' corporate philanthropy offices depend on the corporate bottom line. In bad years, charity suffers. Takeovers and mergers change funding priorities, as well. Similarly, foundation boards change trustees, program officers exert pressures for change, and foundation agenda alter. C&F Relations staff and College contacts help faculty stay informed of changes.
 

What is stewardship and why is it important?

Stewardship is one of the most important parts of the fundraising process. Stewardship means maintaining contact with donors and demonstrating your gratitude for their support. Most foundations and corporations require periodic reports of progress on funded projects. Even if a report is not required, it is prudent to submit one. Good stewardship serves as good cultivation for subsequent gifts. Stewardship with corporations may take the form of short letters or brief reports, in which faculty or development staff can discuss results and express gratitude for the gift. This process is coordinated through the C&F Relations Office.

Stewardship may also take the form of special events, plaques in public places, invitations to special on-campus events, notes expressing appreciation, and articles in newspapers or alumni publications. With corporations and foundations, the Office of Development will propose various stewardship/recognition options as well as ask what other types of stewardship the donors require.

The C&F Relations office sends acknowledgment letters and reports to corporate and foundation donors. It is extremely helpful for stewardship purposes when faculty members keep the C&F Relations office informed of who their corporate contacts are and to whom letters and other stewardship items should be sent. Such recognition items as books, art prints, bookends, and so forth, are available for donors at various levels. To find out more about presenting such items to donors, please call the Office of Stewardship or C&F Relations staff.

I did not get the money. What can I do now?

Don't give up. Hope springs eternal in University Development! There are many reasons why proposals are not funded and intense competition for funds is just one of them. Perhaps another university has an alumnus on the foundation's board of trustees, company policy about giving areas has changed, the foundation has just funded a similar request from another institution, or your proposal has inadequately addressed the donor's specifications. Sometimes you can renegotiate for a smaller award and obtain the balance of the required funding elsewhere. Be prepared to tell prospects what you can do with less than full funding.

Some projects are just not fundable. No matter how great your idea, how expert your University Development support, or how reliable your volunteers, there may not be donors interested in your project. In that case, it is advisable to rethink the project's financing options.
 

Processing gifts

How to tell a gift from a grant:

A gift comes without expectation of tangible return. Generally, gifts are made by corporations to further a positive corporate image, strengthen recruiting potential, and achieve greater visibility. The corporate gift generally requires a "stewardship" report to account for how we used the funds provided and what impact they had on our program/students/faculty. Here, the primary relationship is between the corporation and the College and not with any single member of the faculty. All corporate, foundation or individual gifts must come to the Office of Development to be processed and accounted for.

A grant comes with clear expectation of tangible return on the investment made. Receiving a grant constitutes a contractual agreement between the grantor and grantee. When receiving a grant, there is no expectation of "visibility" or other forms of recognition. Simply, the researcher is expected to fulfill the terms of the grant. The primary relationship is not between the corporation and the College, but between the corporation and individual faculty member. The grant must be accepted by the College's Grants Office. Because College resources are being used to fulfill the terms of the grant, an overhead fee is assessed to cover such indirect costs as electricity, space, personnel, materials, supplies, etc. The Grants Office will work with faculty to create appropriate budgets calculating indirect costs as well as other budget items.

How do I process a monetary gift? Faculty receiving gifts or offers of gifts should contact the Vice President or the Director of Development of the Office of University Development. The gift you receive will go into an account where expenditures can be easily processed and monitored for bookkeeping and audit purposes. The Office of University Development will create an account/endowment when a cash gift is received.

How do I process a gift-in-kind? Contact the Office of University Development as soon as you are aware of a donor's interest in donating a gift-in-kind, and certainly before accepting it. Typical examples of gifts-in-kind include computers, scientific equipment, furniture, or library materials. Some gifts-in-kind require careful handling, especially gifts of real estate, and a few cannot be accepted. Our staff can advise you on appraisals, tax implications, appropriateness of the proposed gift, necessary approvals, IRS reports, and so forth.

How does the College process an endowment? Currently, the minimum level for establishing a scholarship fund is $25,000. The minimum level for funding an endowed professorship is $300,000, and an endowed chair is $1.25 million. Once an endowment is established, a resolution is drafted and then passed by the Endowment Association stating the purpose of the endowment. For information about establishing an endowment, contact the Vice President for University Development or the Director of Development.


Appendix I
 
 

Office of Grants and Research Staff

Pre-award staff to contact for assistance:

Director of Sponsored Programs:
Mike Ludwick
email: mike.ludwick@wm.edu
phone: 221-3485

Assistant Director of Sponsored Programs:
Cindy Corbett
email: cacorb@wm.edu
phone: 221-3966

Research Administrator:
Liz Montalvo
email: eamont@wm.edu
phone: 221-3901

Post-award staff to contact for assistance:

Director of Grants Fiscal Administration:
Mark Roberts
email: mark.roberts@wm.edu
phone: 221-3970

Assistant Director of Grants Fiscal Administration
Cheryl Pope
email:  cheryl.pope@wm.edu
phone:  221-3968


Grants Administrator (Non-Federal Awards):
Gloria Sciole
email: gloria.sciole@wm.edu
phone: 221-3969

Grants Administrator (Federal Awards):
Mark Roberts
email: mark.roberts@wm.edu
phone: 221-3970

Fiscal Technician:
Bonnie Willard
email: bonnie.willard@wm.edu
phone: 221-3971






Appendix II
 
 

Office of University Development

Vice President, University Development
Sean Pieri
email: smpier@wm.edu
phone: 221-1001

Associate Vice President, Development
Susan Pettyjohn
email: shpett@wm.edu
phone: 221-1011

Director of Corporate and Foundation Relations
Linda Luvaas
email: lsluva@wm.edu
phone: 221-1016

Associate Directors of Corporate & Foundation Relations
Kristen Gladsky
email: khglad@wm.edu
phone: 221-7647

Lynn Farrugia
email: lmfarr@wm.edu
phone: 221-1036

Constituent Officers

Athletics:
Associate Athletic Director, Development Athletics
Bobby Dwyer
email: rtdwye@.wm.edu
phone: 221-3350

Marshall-Wythe School of Law:
Associate Dean, Development and Alumni Affairs
Sarah F. Kellum
email: sfkell@wm.edu
phone: 221-2637

School of Business Administration:
Associate Director of Development
Kimberly Sperling
email: kimberly.sperling@mason.wm.edu
phone: 221-4963

School of Education:
Director of Development
Andrew C. Barry
email: acbarr@wm.edu
phone: 221-3712

School of Marine Science:
Director of Development
Anne A. Marshall
email: aam@vims.edu
phone: 804-684-7107








Appendix III

Sample of "Boiler Plate" Material
 
 

THE COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY IN VIRGINIA
AN OVERVIEW




Chartered in 1693 by King William III and Queen Mary II of England, the College of William and Mary is the second oldest institution of higher education in the United States. Between 1776 and 1781, the College adopted America's first elective system of study; introduced the Honor System; founded the first chapter of Phi Beta Kappa; and became the nation's first true university by uniting the faculties of law, medicine, and the arts. Over time, this once small private college has grown into a distinctive, public, liberal arts university of national stature, offering graduate and professional programs in areas where it has natural strengths. Undergraduate education in the arts and sciences remains the primary mission of the institution, however, accounting for over two-thirds of the College's total enrolment of nearly 7700 students.

It is widely agreed that William and Mary is probably the most selective public university in the nation. The College accepts approximately one-third of its undergraduate applicants, three-quarters of whom place in the top ten percent of their high school classes. The median combined SAT score for entering freshman now exceeds 1220.

In addition to 23 departments in the arts and sciences, the College offers fourteen master's programs; doctoral programs in American studies, applied science, computer science, history, marine science, physics and PsyD in psychology; and professional programs in education, business, and law.


Appendix IV
 
 

QUESTIONS & TALKING POINTS
PRE-QUALIFICATION OF CORPORATE/FOUNDATION PROSPECTS




1) Briefly explain that William and Mary has an excellent program that fits well with the corporation/foundation's funding priorities and that you would like to submit a proposal. However, you may want to ask a few questions first just to make sure the fit is as strong as you perceive it is.

2) Briefly describe the program.

3) Ask whether the program, as you have described it, supports the foundation/corporation program goals.

4) If YES, tell the program officer that cost of the program is $______ per year. Be prepared to tell them where else you are sending the proposal.

5) Ask whether the corporation/foundation would be willing to consider a request for funding that would extend over a 2-3 year period. (Some small foundations will not consider multi-year grants). Let the program officer know that you were thinking of requesting $_______ over this period of time. Ask if this is consistent with the size grants they make.

6) Ask what the typical proposal length is. Generally proposals will not be more than 5 pages in length. Sometimes corporations/foundations will want to see a "letter of inquiry" first. These are generally no more than 3 pages long.

7) Confirm deadlines. Ask when proposals are due, when trustees meet to review proposals, and when we might expect to hear from the corporation/foundation regarding our proposal.

8) Ask whether it would be appropriate for the president or provost to sign the letter. Corporations/foundations will want to know that this project is a PRIORITY of the institution.

9) Ask whether they need us to send any additional materials with the proposal. Most corporations/foundations will require that we include a 501C3, letter of tax exempt status, and the College's audited financial report.

10) Finally, ask whether it would be helpful in any way for you and a member of the development staff to visit the program officer. Sometimes corporations/foundations WILL NOT receive visitors.

11) Ask if there is anything else that you should know that would help your proposal to be as competitive as possible.

12) Thank the program officer for his/her time and let them know how helpful they have been.


Appendix V

Publications: Office of Grants and Research

Books

Annual Register of Grant Support
Directory of Grants in the Humanities
The Foundation Directory

Periodicals

ARIS (Creative Arts and Humanities Newsletter)
The Grants Advisor
Federal Grants and Contracts weekly
Humanities

Information On-file

We maintain guidelines and applications for many funding agencies and programs. The following is a non-exclusive list of what is available in our office.

Federal

ED--U.S. Department of Education
    FIPSE Programs and others
DOD--U.S. Department of Defense
    Army Research Office (ARO)
    Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
    Office of Naval Research (ONR)
    Naval Research Lab (NRL)
    National Security Agency (NSA)
    Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
DOE--U.S. Department of Energy
NASA--National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NEA--National Endowment for the Arts
NEH--National Endowment for the Humanities
NHPRC--National Historical Publications and Records Commission
NIH--National Institutes of Health
    National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH)
NSF--National Science Foundation

State and Private

American Chemical Society/Petroleum Research Fund (ACS/PRF)
American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS)
American Philosophical Society (APS)
Social Science Research Council (SSRC)
Jeffress Memorial Trust (Virginia)
Gwathmey Memorial Trust (Virginia)
Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy (VFHPP)

Travel Programs

CIES--Center for the International Exchange of Scholars

ED--U.S. Department of Education IREX--International Research and Exchanges Board
NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Collaborative Resarch Grants and other travel grants
USIA--U.S. Information Agency, Teacher Exchange/Summer Seminars
 



 

Appendix VI

Publications: Office of University Development

SOURCES FOR INFORMATION ON INDIVIDUALS:

Books/Magazines in the Research Office

*Alumni Directory
*America's Wealthiest People
*Catalogue of Alumni, 1866-1932
*Colonial Echo
*Colonial Re-Echo
*Directory of Medical Specialists
*The Forbes 400
*Fundraiser's Guide to Private Fortunes
*Martindale-Hubbell
*People in Philanthropy
*Quantas
*S&P's Register: Directors and Executives
*Student directories
*The Taft Trustees of Wealth
*Telephone books
*Virginia Business 100
*Who Was Who in America
*Who's Who in America
*Who's Who of American Women
*Who's Who in the East
*Who's Who in Finance & Industry
*Who's Who in the Midwest
*Who's Who in the South & Southwest
*Who's Who in the West
*Who's Who in the World
*Williamsburg City Directory
 
 

SOURCES FOR INFORMATION ON CORPORATIONS OR FOUNDATIONS:

Books/Magazines in the Research Office

*Corporate Yellow Book
*The Fortune 500
*The Foundation Directory
*Hoover's
*Moody's Handbook
*Almanac of Va. Politics
*S&P's Register: Corporations
*Taft Foundation Reporter
*Taft Corporate Giving Directory
*Virginia Industrial Directory
*Virginia Giving (DSV)
*Virginia Foundations

Professional Resource Center

*ABI/INFORM
*Compact Disclosure
*Corporate 1000
*Dun's Million Dollar Disk
*Dun's Regional
*InfoTrac
*MacMillan Directory (if works for private company)
*Moody's International Manual

Swem Library

*International Directory of Co. Histories
*Directory of Corporate Affiliations
*Reference Book of Corporate Managements
 

SOURCES FOR INFORMATION ON INDIVIDUALS, CORPORATIONS, AND FOUNDATIONS:

*Advance (order bio, gift, and prospect reports for individuals; CDR's for corporations or foundations)
*Dialog
*Dow Jones/News Retrieval
*Datatimes


Appendix VII
 
 

Sample Budget for a Proposal to a Federal Agency





PERSONNEL

    Principal Investigator/Project Director
        (Name), 2 months summer salary                             $10,000
        20% release time, Academic Year salary                       9,000

    Graduate Research Assistant, 50% time, 12 months                12,000

    Clerical Assistance, 25% time, 12 months                         4,000

Total Salaries & Wages                                              35,000
 

FRINGE BENEFITS (currently 7.65%)

    PI, social security x summer salary                                765
    PI, 28% x Academic Year salary                                   2,700

    GRA, s.s. x summer salary                                          191

    Clerical, s.s. x salary                                            306

Total Fringe Benefits                                                3,962
 

TRAVEL
    One professional meeting/year                                    1,000
 

EQUIPMENT
    Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer                             10,000
 

SUPPLIES
    (Short description if over $500)                                 1,000

PUBLICATION                                                          1,500

COMMUNICATION (telephone, postage, photocopy)                        1,000

SUBCONTRACT (Univ. of Va.)                                          40,000

OTHER
    Student Tuition, Consultant                                      3,200
 

TOTAL DIRECT COSTS                                                  96,662

INDIRECT COSTS, 46% MTDC*                                           33,103

TOTAL PROJECT COSTS                                              $ 130,065
 

*Modified Total Direct Costs
(This means that indirect costs are calculated based on Modified Direct Costs (MTDC) rather than Total Direct Costs. Modified Total Direct Costs equals the Total Direct Costs minus the cost of equipment and amounts of subcontracts in excess of $25,000).



 
 

Appendix VIII

Sample Budget for a Proposal to a Corporation or Foundation

Institute for Teaching and Learning at the
College of William and Mary
Budget Summary




                                   Year 1                         Year 2

Expenses              Jessie Ball duPont    W&M  Jessie Ball duPont     W&M   Challenge

Institute Coordinator Salary    $ 50,000   $15,000          $ 50,000    $15,000
Secretarial Salary                18,000     5,400            18,000      5,400

Departmental Teaching
    Improvement Grants            20,000                      20,000

Statewide Teaching Conference      7,500                       7,500

Summer Teaching/Curriculum
    Support Grants                20,000                      20,000

Speaker and Consultants
    Honoraria                      6,000                       6,000

Teaching Evaluation Project       16,500                      16,500

Cross-Departmental May
    Seminars for Faculty          12,000                      12,000

Maintenance and Operations
    for Institute                            6,500                        6,500

TOTALS FOR TWO YEARS:           $150,000   $26,900          $150,000    $26,900   $100,000
 

Total Amount requested from Jessie Ball duPont: $300,000 over two years

Total William and Mary Contribution: $ 53,800 over two years

Total Challenge: $100,000 in year two
 



EVALUATION


In order to make this manual as practical and effective as possible, we would appreciate your comments on what you found useful and what you would change. Please be specific about what you did and did not find useful and if possible include suggestions on how the manual might be improved.

Comments and suggestions should be directed to Linda Luvaas (lsluva@facstaff.wm.edu).